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Featured BKVbkvpool.com | Single SPO Stake₳150k Margin0% Fee₳170 Return0.97% Featured HAMDAHamster Stake Pool Stake₳237k Margin0% Fee₳170 Return1.01% Featured KROMDeKrom Stake Pool Stake₳217k Margin0% Fee₳170 Return1.00%
Pool of the day 2026-10-24 · picked from 293 pools that qualify ★ Today KNGHTKnights of Cardano Stake₳281k Margin1.5% Fee₳170 Return1.02% single pool · 5.6 yr running · 189 blocks · pledge met · 1.5% margin
Pools / Stats
Epoch 663 · updated daily

Cardano stake pool stats

The whole network as its 2,659 active stake pools see it: who holds the stake, how spread out it is, what pools charge and pay, and how Cardano has grown since staking started in 2020.

4/14Needs work
Decentralisation score
Nakamoto coefficient14operators control over half of all stake; 6 hold a third
Live stake₳21.50B58.4% of circulating ₳36.81B
Delegations1.30M1,302,010 stake keys
Stake pools2,6591,758 single, 196 groups
Treasury₳1.39Breserves left ₳6.05B
Last epoch156ktransactions, 21,268 blocks

Health checks

Seven plain checks on how spread out and well run the network is. Groups that run several pools count as one operator.

Nakamoto coefficient14Weak

14 operators together control more than half of all stake. Higher is safer. Green from 25.

Biggest operator12.1%Weak

COINBASE runs 50 pools with 12.1% of all stake. Green below 5%.

Stake in single pools21.4%Weak

Share of stake with independent one-pool operators instead of multi-pool groups. Green from 50%.

ADA staked58.4%Okay

Share of circulating ADA delegated to a pool. Every staked ADA makes an attack more expensive. Green from 60%.

Stake above saturation0.45%Good

₳96.7M in 7 oversaturated pools earns nothing extra and weakens the reward design. Green below 0.5%.

Pledge not met18.5%Weak

493 active pools hold less than they promised; their delegators earn nothing. Green below 2%.

Pools voting in governance31%Okay

818 of 2659 active pools have voted on chain at least once. Green from 50%.

Who holds the stake

Share of all live stake by operator. The eight biggest groups are named.

COINBASE: 12.07% (₳2.60B)FIGMENT: 5.67% (₳1.22B)CHUCK BUX: 5.39% (₳1.16B)ADALITE: 4.69% (₳1.01B)WAVE: 3.21% (₳691.3M)UPBIT: 3.12% (₳670.7M)EVE: 3.09% (₳664.9M)BD: 2.37% (₳509.9M)188 other groups: 39.04% (₳8.40B)Single pools: 21.35% (₳4.59B)
21.35%in single pools
  • COINBASE12.07%50 pools
  • FIGMENT5.67%38 pools
  • CHUCK BUX5.39%19 pools
  • ADALITE4.69%32 pools
  • WAVE3.21%14 pools
  • UPBIT3.12%20 pools
  • EVE3.09%15 pools
  • BD2.37%17 pools
  • 188 other groups39.04%696 pools
  • Single pools21.35%1758 pools

How concentrated is it

Cumulative share of stake held by the biggest operators. The dots mark where they pass one third and one half.

6 operators: one third14 operators: one half

Operators ranked by stake (x) against the share of all stake they hold together (y). 6 operators pass 33%, 14 pass 50%. A flatter curve means a safer network.

Since staking began

Every epoch since the Shelley upgrade in July 2020. One epoch is 5 days.

Active stake

₳₳21.50B

ADA delegated to pools, per epoch. -1.5% over the last year.

Transactions per epoch

156k

All transactions in each finished epoch. Spikes are busy events on chain.

Treasury

₳₳1.39B

ADA held for community funding, decided by on-chain governance.

Reserves

₳₳6.05B

ADA not yet paid out as rewards. It shrinks every epoch, so staking rewards slowly fall.

Pools by the numbers

How the 2,659 active pools are spread. Colours use the same grades as the pool list. Hover a bar for details.

Pools by live stake

Count of pools per size, with each size's share of all stake. Saturation point ₳77.9M (k = 500).

0: 227 pools (7.9%)< 10k: 1,027 pools (35.6%)10k-100k: 311 pools (10.8%), 0.1% of stake100k-1M: 402 pools (13.9%), 0.7% of stake1M-5M: 311 pools (10.8%), 3.5% of stake5M-20M: 237 pools (8.2%), 12.1% of stake20M-50M: 201 pools (7%), 30.4% of stake50M-sat.: 163 pools (5.6%), 50.2% of stakesaturated: 7 pools (0.2%), 3% of stake
2270% stake01,0270% stake< 10k3110.1% stake10k-100k4020.7% stake100k-1M3113.5% stake1M-5M23712.1% stake5M-20M20130.4% stake20M-50M16350.2% stake50M-sat.73% stakesaturated

Saturation

7 pools are over the limit, with ₳96.7M earning nothing extra.

< 1%: 1,705 pools (64.1%)1-10%: 415 pools (15.6%)10-30%: 194 pools (7.3%)30-60%: 166 pools (6.2%)60-80%: 64 pools (2.4%)80-95%: 72 pools (2.7%)95-100%: 36 pools (1.4%)> 100%: 7 pools (0.3%)
1,705< 1%4151-10%19410-30%16630-60%6460-80%7280-95%3695-100%7> 100%

Margin

Typical margin 2%. Private pools keep everything.

0%: 580 pools (21.8%)≤ 1%: 595 pools (22.4%)1-2%: 386 pools (14.5%)2-3%: 292 pools (11%)3-5%: 348 pools (13.1%)5-10%: 172 pools (6.5%)10-99%: 99 pools (3.7%)private: 187 pools (7%)
5800%595≤ 1%3861-2%2922-3%3483-5%1725-10%9910-99%187private

Fixed fee per epoch

499 pools charge the ₳170 minimum; the typical fee is ₳340.

₳170: 499 pools (18.8%)171-200: 24 pools (0.9%)201-340: 1,767 pools (66.5%)341-500: 343 pools (12.9%)501-1000: 12 pools (0.5%)> 1000: 14 pools (0.5%)
499₳17024171-2001,767201-340343341-50012501-100014> 1000

Expected return for delegators

Typical 1.12% a year, best possible 2.11%. Small and empty pools pay little or nothing.

0 / none: 1,143 pools (43%)< 0.5%: 434 pools (16.3%)0.5-1%: 246 pools (9.3%)1-1.5%: 241 pools (9.1%)1.5-1.9%: 260 pools (9.8%)1.9-2%: 186 pools (7%)≥ 2%: 149 pools (5.6%)
1,1430 / none434< 0.5%2460.5-1%2411-1.5%2601.5-1.9%1861.9-2%149≥ 2%

Pledge in place

Owners have ₳3.10B pledged in total. 493 pools miss their own promise.

< 1k: 1,200 pools (45.1%)1k-10k: 486 pools (18.3%)10k-100k: 554 pools (20.8%)100k-1M: 315 pools (11.8%)1M-10M: 47 pools (1.8%)≥ 10M: 57 pools (2.1%)
1,200< 1k4861k-10k55410k-100k315100k-1M471M-10M57≥ 10M

Delegators per pool

Most pools have only a handful of delegators.

0: 214 pools (7.4%)1-10: 1,389 pools (48.1%)11-100: 605 pools (21%)101-1k: 415 pools (14.4%)1k-10k: 245 pools (8.5%)> 10k: 18 pools (0.6%)
21401,3891-1060511-100415101-1k2451k-10k18> 10k

Governance votes per pool

818 pools have voted on chain since governance went live in 2024.

none: 1,841 pools (69.2%)1-2: 341 pools (12.8%)3-5: 246 pools (9.3%)6-10: 138 pools (5.2%)11-20: 72 pools (2.7%)> 20: 21 pools (0.8%)
1,841none3411-22463-51386-107211-2021> 20

When today's pools started

single pools group pools, by the year they registered.

2020: 523 pools (27.5%)2020: 401 group pools2021: 930 pools (48.9%)2021: 225 group pools2022: 216 pools (11.4%)2022: 109 group pools2023: 97 pools (5.1%)2023: 95 group pools2024: 54 pools (2.8%)2024: 42 group pools2025: 45 pools (2.4%)2025: 67 group pools2026: 36 pools (1.9%)2026: 46 group pools
92420201,1552021325202219220239620241122025822026

Top pools

Ten at a time, from the same daily data. single marks independent one-pool operators.

Most delegators

Delegators
  1. 1TW001₳112.7M 34,990
  2. 2STSH3₳16.5M 33,562
  3. 3EVE4₳43M 31,147
  4. 4RSTK₳53M 30,032
  5. 5EVE2₳48M 28,038
  6. 6EVE3₳31.9M 26,625
  7. 7EVE1₳50.6M 25,977
  8. 8EVE₳43.2M 25,794
  9. 9STSH1₳19M 25,774
  10. 10VRSTK₳39.1M 22,283

Most delegated ADA

Live stake
  1. 1PPTG1161% saturated ₳125.7M
  2. 2TW001145% saturated ₳112.7M
  3. 3LBF2106% saturated ₳82.9M
  4. 4KILN4105% saturated ₳82M
  5. 5N/A104% saturated ₳81.1M
  6. 6BALNCsingle102% saturated ₳79.1M
  7. 7gjp7a101% saturated ₳78.5M
  8. 8P2P100% saturated ₳77.7M
  9. 9WPBJ199% saturated ₳77.2M
  10. 10ADAFRsingle99% saturated ₳77.1M

Biggest pledge

Live pledge
  1. 1CAGsingleowner skin in the game ₳76.3M
  2. 2CF1owner skin in the game ₳76.3M
  3. 3CF2owner skin in the game ₳76.3M
  4. 4CF3owner skin in the game ₳76.3M
  5. 5WPBJ3owner skin in the game ₳75.4M
  6. 6WPBJ4owner skin in the game ₳75M
  7. 7DARKowner skin in the game ₳70.8M
  8. 8WPBJ2owner skin in the game ₳64.2M
  9. 9WAV11owner skin in the game ₳60.3M
  10. 10WPBJ1owner skin in the game ₳56.8M

Highest expected return

Return / yr

Single pools, pledge met, under 95% saturated.

  1. 1MARACsinglemargin 0%, fee ₳170 2.10%
  2. 2HAPPYsinglemargin 0%, fee ₳170 2.10%
  3. 3FLOWRsinglemargin 0%, fee ₳170 2.09%
  4. 4EASY1singlemargin 0%, fee ₳170 2.09%
  5. 5LCPsinglemargin 0%, fee ₳170 2.09%
  6. 6ABLEsinglemargin 0%, fee ₳170 2.09%
  7. 7TECHsinglemargin 1%, fee ₳170 2.08%
  8. 8OGAMsinglemargin 0%, fee ₳340 2.08%
  9. 9dtDnsinglemargin 1%, fee ₳170 2.07%
  10. 10ANPsinglemargin 0.1%, fee ₳340 2.07%

Most blocks made

Blocks
  1. 1ADALOsinglesince epoch 210 29,484
  2. 2CRDNSsince epoch 210 28,312
  3. 3ATADAsince epoch 210 28,129
  4. 4ADVsince epoch 210 28,042
  5. 5SPIREsince epoch 212 27,397
  6. 61PCT0since epoch 210 27,223
  7. 7DARKsince epoch 260 25,940
  8. 8ADV2since epoch 239 25,924
  9. 9SECURsince epoch 210 25,655
  10. 10NORTHsince epoch 210 25,625

Most active in governance

Votes
  1. 1HEPHYsingle₳855k 44
  2. 2SVRNsingle₳766k 34
  3. 3DINOsingle₳27.7M 31
  4. 4TERA3₳23.2M 31
  5. 5TERA₳13.6M 31
  6. 6TERA2₳8.2M 31
  7. 7EVE4₳43M 25
  8. 8EVERS₳57.6M 24
  9. 9OCTASsingle₳55.1M 24
  10. 10RSTK₳53M 24

Biggest single pools

Live stake
  1. 1BALNCsingle1,105 delegators ₳79.1M
  2. 2ADAFRsingle5,974 delegators ₳77.1M
  3. 3ADALOsingle5,333 delegators ₳76.6M
  4. 4CH1single2,300 delegators ₳76.6M
  5. 5CAGsingle17 delegators ₳76.4M
  6. 6TERMsingle2,597 delegators ₳76.3M
  7. 7POLYsingle3,369 delegators ₳75.9M
  8. 8TECHsingle1,004 delegators ₳73.2M
  9. 9MARACsingle604 delegators ₳72.1M
  10. 10HAPPYsingle1,581 delegators ₳69.4M

Most delegators, single pools

Delegators
  1. 1BERRYsingle₳28.1M 21,388
  2. 2CARDssingle₳11.7M 10,289
  3. 3ST3AKsingle₳57.7M 9,917
  4. 4ROCKYsingle₳56.8M 7,917
  5. 5STR8single₳56.7M 6,197
  6. 6ADAFRsingle₳77.1M 5,974
  7. 721ADAsingle₳8M 5,892
  8. 8STATsingle₳44.8M 5,760
  9. 9ALPSsingle₳11.4M 5,632
  10. 10OCTASsingle₳55.1M 5,381

Cheapest with a track record

Blocks

Single pools: 0% margin, ₳170 fee, 100+ blocks, pledge met.

  1. 1HAPPYsingle₳69.4M · 2.10% / yr 10,836
  2. 2ABLEsingle₳50.6M · 2.09% / yr 9,299
  3. 3LCPsingle₳55.5M · 2.09% / yr 8,620
  4. 4MARACsingle₳72.1M · 2.10% / yr 6,688
  5. 5EASY1single₳55.7M · 2.09% / yr 5,508
  6. 6JUNOsingle₳1.1M · 1.37% / yr 5,247
  7. 7FLOWRsingle₳60.9M · 2.09% / yr 4,626
  8. 8REDsingle₳24.5M · 2.06% / yr 4,553
  9. 9ALFAsingle₳29.8M · 2.07% / yr 2,788
  10. 10CHOCOsingle₳7.6M · 1.95% / yr 2,114

Longest running

Since
  1. 1ADALOsingle29,484 blocks Aug 2020
  2. 2CRDNS28,312 blocks Aug 2020
  3. 3ATADA28,129 blocks Aug 2020
  4. 4ADV28,042 blocks Aug 2020
  5. 51PCT027,223 blocks Aug 2020
  6. 6SECUR25,655 blocks Aug 2020
  7. 7NORTH25,625 blocks Aug 2020
  8. 8DIGI25,010 blocks Aug 2020
  9. 9TITAN24,332 blocks Aug 2020
  10. 10OCTASsingle24,329 blocks Aug 2020

Rising newcomers

Live stake

Single pools started in the last 6 months.

  1. 1STARsingle9 delegators ₳5.3M
  2. 2AIADAsingle11 delegators ₳1.7M
  3. 3BRAVEsingle45 delegators ₳836k
  4. 4IGUDsingle5 delegators ₳505k
  5. 5TDSPsingle26 delegators ₳67k
  6. 6BMANHsingle19 delegators ₳55k
  7. 7LCTsingle2 delegators ₳52k
  8. 8FHLN1single2 delegators ₳38k
  9. 9LUMPsingle13 delegators ₳13k
  10. 10HAVNsingle1 delegators ₳2k

Biggest pool groups

Stake share

Operators that run more than one pool count as one.

  1. 1COINBASE50 pools · ₳2.60B 12.07%
  2. 2FIGMENT38 pools · ₳1.22B 5.67%
  3. 3CHUCK BUX19 pools · ₳1.16B 5.39%
  4. 4ADALITE32 pools · ₳1.01B 4.69%
  5. 5WAVE14 pools · ₳691.3M 3.21%
  6. 6UPBIT20 pools · ₳670.7M 3.12%
  7. 7EVE15 pools · ₳664.9M 3.09%
  8. 8BD17 pools · ₳509.9M 2.37%
  9. 9ETORO16 pools · ₳503.4M 2.34%
  10. 10BINANCE50 pools · ₳459.9M 2.14%